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An ambulance is a vehicle for transportation of sick or injured people to, from or between places of treatment for an illness or injury,〔Skinner, Henry Alan. 1949, "The Origin of Medical Terms". Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins〕 and in some instances will also provide out of hospital medical care to the patient. The word is often associated with road going ''emergency ambulances'' which form part of an emergency medical service, administering emergency care to those with acute medical problems. The term ''ambulance'' does, however, extend to a wider range of vehicles other than those with flashing warning lights and sirens. The term also includes a large number of non-urgent ambulances which are for transport of patients without an urgent acute condition (see below: Functional types) and a wide range of urgent and non-urgent vehicles including trucks, vans, bicycles, motorbikes, station wagons, buses, helicopters, fixed-wing aircraft, boats, and even hospital ships (see below: Vehicle types). The term ''ambulance'' comes from the Latin word "''ambulare''" as meaning "to walk or move about"〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=How Products Are Made: Ambulance )〕 which is a reference to early medical care where patients were moved by lifting or wheeling. The word originally meant a moving hospital, which follows an army in its movements.〔''Oxford English Dictionary'' ambulance definition 1〕 During the American Civil War vehicles for conveying the wounded off the field of battle were called ambulance wagons.〔(Civil War Ambulance Wagons )〕 Field hospitals were still called ambulances during the Franco-Prussian War〔The memoirs of Charles E. Ryan ''With An Ambulance Personal Experiences And Adventures With Both Armies 1870–1871'' () and of Emma Maria Pearson and Louisa McLaughlin ''Our Adventures During the War of 1870'' ()〕 of 1870 and in the Serbo-Turkish war of 1876〔Emma Maria Pearson and Louisa McLaughlin ''Service in Servia Under the Red Cross'' ()〕 even though the wagons were first referred to as ambulances about 1854 during the Crimean War.〔''Oxford English Dictionary'' ambulance definition 2a〕 There are other types of ambulance, with the most common being the ''patient transport ambulance'' (sometimes called an ambulette). These vehicles are not usually (although there are exceptions) equipped with life-support equipment, and are usually crewed by staff with fewer qualifications than the crew of emergency ambulances. Their purpose is simply to transport patients to, from or between places of treatment. In most countries, these are not equipped with flashing lights or sirens. In some jurisdictions there is a modified form of the ambulance used, that only carries one member of ambulance crew to the scene to provide care, but is not used to transport the patient. Such vehicles are called fly-cars. In these cases a patient who requires transportation to hospital will require a patient-carrying ambulance to attend in addition to the fast responder. ==History== (詳細はancient times, with the use of carts to transport incurable patients by force. Ambulances were first used for emergency transport in 1487 by the Spanish, and civilian variants were put into operation during the 1830s. Advances in technology throughout the 19th and 20th centuries led to the modern self-powered ambulances. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ambulance」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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